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A barrel is one of several units of volume applied in various contexts; there are dry barrels, fluid barrels (such as the UK beer barrel and US beer barrel), oil barrels and so on. For historical reasons the volumes of some barrel units are roughly double the volumes of others; volumes in common usage range from about to . In many connections the term "drum" is used almost interchangeably with "barrel". Since medieval times the term barrel as a unit of measure has had various meanings throughout Europe, ranging from about 100 litres to 1000 litres, or more in special cases. The name was derived in medieval times from the French ''baril'', of unknown origin, but still in use, both in French and as derivations in many other languages such as Italian, Polish and Spanish. In most countries such usage is obsolescent, increasingly superseded by SI units. As a result, the meaning of corresponding words and related concepts (vat, cask, keg etc.) in other languages often refers to a physical container rather than a known measure. In the international oil market context, however, prices in US$ per barrel are commonly used, and the term is variously translated, often to derivations of the Latin/Teutonic root ''fat'' (for example ''vat'' or ''Fass''). In other commercial connections, barrel sizes such as beer keg volumes also are standardised in many countries. ==Dry goods in the US== * US dry barrel: (~3.28 bushel) * *Defined as length of stave , diameter of head , distance between heads , circumference of bulge outside measurement; representing as nearly as possible 7,056 cubic inches; and the thickness of staves not greater than 〔(15 USC 234 )〕 ((≈ )). Any barrel that is 7,056 cubic inches is recognized as equivalent. This is exactly equal to 26.25 gallons. * US barrel for cranberries (~2.71 bushel) * * Defined as length of stave , diameter of head , distance between heads , circumference of bulge outside measurement; and the thickness of staves not greater than 〔 ((≈ )). No equivalent in cubic inches is given in the statute, but later regulations specify it as 5,826 cubic inches.〔(cranberry barrel )〕 Some products have a standard weight or volume that constitutes a barrel: *Cornmeal, *Portland cement, or 〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = 2000 Sizes, Inc. )〕 *Sugar, () *Wheat or rye flour, three bushels or *Lime (mineral), large barrel, or small barrel〔(15 USC 237 )〕 * Butter and cheese in UK, 224 pounds (avdp)〔 *Salt = 280 lb〔 *Cement = 376 lb〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Barrel (unit)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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